Thomas Aquinas And The Natural Law - 895 Words

Thomas Aquinas, answers the question what is human law? In his â€Å"Summa Theologica† Aquinas explains that â€Å"It would seem that there is not a human law. For the natural law is a participation of the eternal law.† Now through the eternal law all things are most orderly, as Augustine states (De Lib. Arb. i, 6). â€Å"Therefore, the natural law suffices for the ordering of all human affairs. Consequently, there is no need for a human law.† Aquinas explains that â€Å"Natural Law is a theory that says that there is an existence of a law that is set by nature and applies everywhere because it is ingrained within our being and can be discovered through the human ability to reason† Aquinas believes that human law is derived from human reasoning. He also argues that since natural law is already engrafted in all of us there is no need for human law. â€Å"Further, a law bears the character of a measure, as stated above (Question 90, Article 1). But hum an reason is not a measure of things, but vice versa, as stated in Metaph. x, text. 5. Therefore, no law can emanate from human reason. Objection 3.† â€Å"Further, a measure should be most certain, as stated in Metaph. x, text. 3. But the dictates of human reason in matters of conduct are uncertain, according to Wisdom 9:14:† The thoughts of mortal men are fearful, and our counsels uncertain. â€Å"Therefore, no law can emanate from human reason. On the contrary, Augustine (De Lib. Arb. i, 6) distinguishes two kinds of law, the one eternal, the otherShow MoreRelatedEssay The Natural Law by Thomas Aquinas1670 Words   |  7 Pagessense guides people, culture, and even whole countries to act in certain ways. Thomas Aquinas called this innate sense the natural law. The natural law is established by God in order to make men more virtuous. When examined closely it is found that the natural law contains the precept of all law and, is at odds with certain laws that exis t today, specifically abortion. The â€Å"natural law is appointed by reason† (Aquinas IV, 94, 1) and given to everyone. This is very contrary to popular belief thatRead MoreThomas Aquinas, Natural Law And Legal Positivism710 Words   |  3 PagesMorals and Laws. It is important to distinguish these differences by the assertion and denial of them. In the book The Concept of Law there are two types of relations, Natural law and Legal Positivism. Natural Law is defined as â€Å"certain principles of human conduct, awaiting discovery by human reason, which man-made laws must conform to if they are to be valid (Hart 2012 p.185-186).† Legal Positivism is defined as â€Å"the simple contention that it is in no sense a necessary truth that laws reproduce orRead MoreSt. Thomas Aquinas Of The Personalist / Natural Law Ethics888 Words   |  4 Pagesmost is St. Thomas Aquinas of the personalist /natural law ethics. St. Thomas Aquinas natural laws theory developed from a non-Christian that was Aristotle. Despite many of many Catholic theologian did not agree with St. Thomas Aquinas due to his agreement with Aristotle, but St. Aquinas would become one of the most influential theologian in Christianity history. His theory on natural law started to first defining law in general. For example, the key aspect of his definition is that, â€Å"law is somethingRead MoreSt. Thomas Aquinas: the Human Law and Natural Law Debate1523 Words   |  7 PagesThe Human Law and Natural Law Debate Heather Saunders 250583261 Thomistic Philosophy 2214 Dr. Fox March 21, 2012 The Human Law and Natural Law Debate Are we naturally moral creatures? Do we always act towards the common good of others? I am positive that we do not, and in fact, as much as society wants to, we go against our morals and lead with our ‘feelings’. These feelings may feel right, but it doesn’t mean they will lead you in the right path to fulfil your ultimate end, true happiness. HitlerRead MoreTopic sentence. Thomas Hobbes interpretation of natural law is not only radically different, but1300 Words   |  6 Pagessentence. Thomas Hobbes interpretation of natural law is not only radically different, but inconsistent with the traditional view. This can be seen through the similarities and differences found when comparing Thomas Hobbes theory, and Thomas Aquinas’ theory in regards to their view of man’s ultimate goal, their definition of natural law in regards to its relationship with human rationality, and lastly how they view the meaning and relationship of divine providence and rel igion in natural law. The followingRead MoreThe Natural Law Is Not The Sharing From Within Of The Eternal Law1120 Words   |  5 PagesAquinas defines â€Å"Natural Law† as the sharing from within of the Eternal Law. â€Å"The natural law† is just the rational person’s involvement in the eternal law. This involvement is available to all persons independently of any belief on their part in God. The natural law is observed whenever people both engage in correct practical reasoning about what is good and best for them in any given situation and when they act in accordance with that natural inclination. The natural law, according to AquinasRead MoreThe Theology Of Thomas Aquinas1157 Words   |  5 Pages Thomas Aquinas was a one of the few philosophers to interpret the theology as a whole distinguishing the difference between theology and philosophy by explaining Law in general in a detailed account and focusing on kinds of law which he classified as Eternal, Human, Divine and Natural law. Aquinas suggests in order for law to be understood some reasoning has to be provided which is why as a philosopher what he explained could not provoke Christian beliefs, but establish a relationship between theoryRead MoreA Brief Note On Medieval And Modern Ethics971 Words   |  4 Pagesraised is asking how would Thomas Aquinas, Martin Luther King, Jr., David Hume, and Nel Noddings handle the situation of turning children away. In the light of the question being so complex I plan on explaining first Thomas Aquinas and where he stood on the matter Thomas Aquinas believed natural laws were based off reason and not of moral standing First, properly and essentially, and thus natural law is not a habit. For it has been stated above that the natural law is something appointed by reasonRead MoreThe Natural Law Theory Essay examples1037 Words   |  5 Pagesby the natural law theory is the only true and moral way to live life; especially a life lived in God’s image. God’s presence is a guiding factor to obtaining a moral and virtuous life, which can only be obtained by following the natural law theory. God created a set of laws as a supreme guide for humans to live life, like any law these laws were created to ensure wellbeing for everyone. The laws he created are the civil law, the natural law and the divine law God created them from a law much superiorRead MoreMedieval And Modern Ethics1745 Words   |  7 Pagesmen who based their choices on sound mind and considered all things ethical made moral apparent. The ques tion that is being raised is asking how would Thomas Aquinas, Martin Luther King, Jr., David Hume, and Nel Noddings handle the situation of turning children away. In the light of the question being so complex I plan on explaining first Thomas Aquinas and where he stood on the matter of morality, then I will follow that by breaking down essentially what Dr.King meant when he explained his duty to

Analysis Of Maya Angelou s Caged Bird - 1835 Words

Shakyra Milsap Dr. Marsha Newman English 102 April 4, 2016 Women’s Power Because I live in a community with a majority black population, it is very easy to know all of the famous African American people. Growing up with my grandparents, I always heard a lot about the loving Dr. Maya Angelou. She was a tremendous figure in their lives and a phenomenal woman. One day my family was sitting outside, and my mom was reading a book with a lot of famous poems. The one she read aloud was Maya Angelou’s poem â€Å"Caged Bird.† She was so emotional reading this poem. During that time, I did not understand her emotions. At my high school, we would always celebrate black history month, so one day my favorite teacher brought the movie â€Å"I Know Why the Caged Bird Sings.† My classmates and I sat down and watched it for very first time. At the moment, I understood why my mom way so emotional when she read the poem. I finally understood the significance that poem brought to her life and what the poem was actually about. That da y brought the admiration I now have with Dr. Maya Angelou. I started reading her poems and studying her. She was a woman that explained tough topics about certain things. Needless to say, the topics were not popular. Maya Angelou spoke the truth. She was a great activist who changed many people lives with her words. On the site biography.com, the editors states, Maya Angelou was born on April 4, 1928 by the name of Marguite Ann Johnson; however, she did not grow up withShow MoreRelatedAnalysis Of Maya Angelou s I Know Why The Caged Bird Sings1575 Words   |  7 Pagesto feel different, and wish they were someone or something â€Å"better†. In Maya Angelou’s autobiography she demonstrates what its like growing up in a racist community and how it feels to be the outcast. Angelou continuously speaks about being someone different her ideal self, something she is completely different from. She feels this way due to the racist society she lives in. In I Know Why The Caged Bird Sings Maya Angelou demonstrates in her autobiography in 1969 that even with love and affectionRead MoreAnalysis Of Maya Angelou s I Know Why The Caged Bird Sings Essay1484 Words   |  6 Pages â€Å"There is no greater agony than bearing an untold story inside you.† By Maya Angelou, I Know Why the Caged Bird Sings. This is the quote my mom has been telling me every day since I was 13 and able to understand it. Maya Angelou wrote this poem in 1969 and it still speaks to millions of people today. Millions of people who have everything to say but never speak. This is just one example, my example on how relatable poems are even if they are hundreds of years old. Being able to relate to a poemRead MoreAnalysis Of Maya Angelou s I Know Why The Caged Bird Sings1219 Words   |  5 PagesLike many African American writers in American history, migration is a defining part of Maya Angelou’s life and character. In her memoir I Know Why the Caged Bird Sings, Maya thorough ly discusses each of the moves that shape the person she becomes. From St. Louis at seven to a Southern California junkyard at fifteen, Maya’s life is filled with both voluntary and involuntary migrations. Some of these moves are intensely emotionally taxing, while others allow her to grow and flourish. Although herRead MoreRhetorical Analysis Of Maya Angelou s I Know Why The Caged Bird Sings 1036 Words   |  5 PagesFily Thiam English 002 Mrs. Vilato 9 April 2015 Rhetorical Analysis on â€Å"Graduation† by Maya Angelou In Graduation, a chapter in her autobiography â€Å"I Know Why the Caged Bird Sings†, Maya Angelou talks vividly about her middle school graduation in the segregated South. Graduation is an important milestone in most people’s life, as they get a degree and move on to their next level, something better and more important, with the hope that they can use their new knowledge to achieve their life goals andRead MoreI Know Why The Caged Bird Sings1482 Words   |  6 Pages Maya Angelou tells of her life experiences and struggles in her book â€Å"I Know Why the Caged Bird Sings† that gives us insight about Maya’s life as a young black girl growing up in a time of racism. The novel discusses various forms of oppression that she had to face as well cope with them. Robert A. Gross wrote an analysis for Newsweek about the book and claimed that Angelou’s book is not only an interesting story of her own experience, but also a portrayal of a Southe rn black communityRead MoreMaya Angelou : An Influential Voices Of Modern Society Essay1386 Words   |  6 PagesMaya Angelou, born Marguerite Ann Johnson on the 4th of April 1928, was born in St. Louis, Missouri and grew up in Stamps, Arkansas. Maya Angelou is regarded as one of the most noteworthy, influential voices of modern society with over 50 doctorate degrees. She became a distinguished poet, educator, producer, actress, historian, filmmaker, memoirist, and civil rights activist throughout her life. In the 1930’s and 1940’s, Stamps, Arkansas was the embodiment of brutality and racial discriminationRead MoreLiterary Analysis Of Maya Angelous Caged Bird1341 Words   |  6 Pagesâ€Å"Caged Bird Analysis† â€Å"Equal rights, fair play, justice, are all like air: we all have it, or none of us has it.† This quote was taken by the poet Maya Angelou, who stressed the idea of equality in many of her works. One of her poems being, â€Å"Caged Bird.† In the poem the poet references two birds; one who is trapped in a cage, and the other bird who is free. Growing up as an African American in the 1920’s Angelou faced many hardships. She suffered many racial prejudices, and her writing reflects howRead MoreI Know Why The Caged Bird Sings1004 Words   |  5 PagesI Know Why The Caged Bird Sings Plot Overview - I Know Why The Caged Bird Sings is a book that speaks solely on the upbringing of Maya Angelou, and on the accomplishments, yet struggles that make Maya the woman she is. It begins in California in the 1930’s. Maya and her brother Bailey lived with her parents at a very young age, but after their divorced they were shipped to Arkansas to live their grandmother. They called their grandmother Momma, because she was a parental figure to both of them.Read MoreI Know Why The Caged Bird Sings And Still I Rise By Maya Angelou1517 Words   |  7 PagesPoems of Color The poems â€Å" I Know Why the Caged Bird Sings† and â€Å"Still I Rise† by Maya Angelou are both poems that speak on the issues of the mistreatment of African Americans, and how these challenges were created simply by the color of one’s skin and overcome. While the poems â€Å"Mother To Son† and â€Å" Dreams† by Langston Hughes refer to the hopes of African Americans for a better standard of living, and the consequences of departing from these dreams of bettering themselves. This comparison ofRead MoreMaya Angelou’s Unique Self Essay2562 Words   |  11 Pageschildhood (Angelou, 2009, p.20). In Maya Angelou’s autobiography, I Know Why The Caged Bird Sings, she recounts her early years as a young girl growing up in Stamps, Arkansas who faces displacement, trauma, and prejudice. It is through her character and artistic expression that she is able to overcome the trauma of her childhood and evolve into the distinguished and unique individual that has captivated millions through literature. In her book, I Know Why The Caged Bird Sings, Angelou reflects on

Germany Before 1848 Free Essays

Before 1848 Germany DBQ The political, economical, and social order of the Germanic states in the nineteenth century was in a state of chaos and disarray. Politically, the states had the desire of becoming unified and had the possibility to do so if it had not been for fear and neglect to follow through. Economically, the states were in a time of hardships with poor growth development in the fields and were also going through the time of the Industrial Revolution with changes to their everyday lives. We will write a custom essay sample on Germany Before 1848 or any similar topic only for you Order Now Socially, the Germanic states were divided into a feudal system that was determined by birth status and wealth. The middle class, made up of scholars and students, and aristocracy had shared the same fear of the commoners’ revolt due to the political failure in attempt to unify the Germanic states, and had wanted to maintain their rights as well as becoming unified without giving the lower class any more power. The economic structure was poor and resulted with unemployment and higher food prices, which enabled the peasants to be outraged in anger towards the government for lack of action to make the necessary changes causing them to revolt in hopes of more stability financially while also desiring a unification of the German states. The middle class of the Germanic states were educated persons with an interest on their society. Politically, they were concerned about the development of unity between the states. Some questioned what was so difficult about this unification, such as the professor Ernst Moritz Anndt whom had also written poetry on the matter n the mindset that a Father land or a single body would be the best way to be (doc. 1). Others were in high hopes that the unification would take place as soon as possible with faith in the armies and nobility to do so. One of these individuals was Goerres who was excited about this notion as clearly portrayed in his pamphlet in 1819 that a republican constitution was underway (doc. 2). Economically, the middle class was concerned with how the lower class would deal with the current hardships from the crop failure. An economist Fredrick List was one that was concerned with the health of the lower class and the availability of bread in his pamphlet in 1834 describing how the body would deal with the poor health in which they were receiving (doc. ). Others took less concern with the lower class situation and were in a state of new inventions and discovering which had created confusion. Riegel was a book seller who had written an essay discussing the economic changes that the Germanic states were going through and how they would possibly cope with these changes (doc. 6). The middle class was sufficient with their social status where they did not have to pay taxes. They also did not want the lower class to receive more power than they deserved. The middle class believed that the actions of the lower class were not deserving of more power due to their actions such as the riots depicted in Prussia (doc. 9). The middle class was experiencing the changes along with the aristocracy. The aristocracy had many of the same views and opinions as the middle class. They lived in fear of the revolt of the lower class. They however needed the courage to fight for politically they too wanted unification with dependency on the princes and soldiers (doc. ). Economically, aristocracy had money in a time where most did not. They survived in better comfort than most but still managed to struggle when it came to providing for family members. In a women’s perspective, the labor of spinning wool was endless with little compensation due to the fact that they were still required to pay taxes and rent to the government and landowners (doc. 7). The aristocracy found this to be an issue that was to be fixed by the king, for it was his responsib ility. However, they still believed everyone should be in high spirits and have good attitudes, because if the economy is weak but the public is strong it depicts overall power of the states (doc. 10). Aristocracy was socially towards the top of the feudal system and looked down on all others below. The lower class was surviving in anger towards the governmental state before the revolutions in 1848. They were experiencing many struggles in which made it difficult for survival without necessary changes of the king. The commoners were emotionally a wreck and the economy was so poor that they would potentially do anything for food alone. During the bread distribution in Stettin in 1847, lower class citizens were tumbling over one another, pushing and fighting just to get a piece or loaf of bread to feed their families (doc. 9) which simply goes to show lack of organization and a deeper need for change in order to provide these citizens better economic stature. Socially, the commoners were miserable at the bottom of the social classes with little possessions and higher prices. Some people revolted and others wrote down their anger as seen through a hateful pamphlet in disgust of the work of the princes and governmental confidence to make changes (doc. 11) found in 1847. The lower class revolted in anger of the government because of their situations they were dealing with at home and the lack of acknowledgement from the government aside from taking the only money they had in their pockets, but essentially these actions did little to their overall aspirations of achieving recognition and better rights. Despite the poor political, economic, and social order of the Germanic states before 1848, they still attained potential to change and become a unified nation. The political issue of becoming unified was spoken by the middle class, aristocracy, and commoners all in view that there should and potentially could be done. Economically, there was little to be done and socially the classes remained the same with equivalent powers as the start of the time period. The feelings and actions of the classes were in response to their individual status and power. How to cite Germany Before 1848, Essay examples

A Chronic Condition And Prevention Samples †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Chronic Condition And Prevention. Answer: Introduction This research report is concerned with the examination of diabetes as a chronic disease in Australia. It also attempts to understand the causes and symptoms of diabetes, the rationale behind choosing diabetes as a chronic disease, the impact of diabetes on a local and the global level, some of the individual risk factors related to diabetes, management of diabetes, its prevention and remedies and the critical assessment the preventive and management strategies for mitigating diabetes. This essay further delves into the hospitalisation, prevalence and incidence of deaths. Why diabetes is a chronic disease? Diabetes also known as diabetes mellitus is responsible for affecting 200 people. It is believed to be the fifth cause of disease all over world. As a chronic disease, diabetes is characterized by when there is excess amount of glucose in the human body. Diabetes can People with Polycystic Ovary (PCOS) may develop diabetes due to the excess consumption of sugar. There are two types of diabetes Type 1 and Type 2 diabetes. Type 1 diabetes is an outcome of the destruction of the cells in the pancreas by the immune system (McKnight et al., 2015). These cells are called beta cells. These cells are responsible for the production of insulin. In, diabetes, the beta cells are damaged. There is an obstruction in the movement of the glucose into the cells due to the absence of insulin. It has been reported that 5 per cent of people suffering from diabetes have type 1 diabetes (Wen et al., 2016).There has been more interesting results in this light. Type 1 diabetes have been reported to be higher among the whites compared to African-American people. Diabetes may occur at any age but it causes harm to men and women in equal measure. Patients of type 1 diabetes have shown the sign of heart attacks. These attacks are known as autoantibodies. High blood sugar can lead to a multiple factors. First condition is dehydration. This is a condition when there is excess sugar in the blood and the patient show the symptom of continuous pee. This is the response of the body to get rid of the excess sugar from the system of the body. In this condition, a large amount of water is released from the body along with the urine as a waste product. Therefore, the body becomes excessively dry and dehydrated. Another symptom is weight loss. The glucose that is released from the body propels quick weight loss of the body. When the body is deprived of glucose, which is a source of fuel, the fat cells are disintegrated. This produces chemicals known as ketones. Then the liver liberates sugar from the body (NCD Risk Factor Collaboration, 2016). This is known as ketoacids which is an outcome of dehydration, extra glucose and the excess development/ accumulation of acid in the body. The accumulation of ketoacidosis can have life threatening reperc ussions. The stockpile of high glucose levels in the body for a prolonged period of life can also damage the nerves. Additionally, it may also be adverse for the small blood vessels present in our eyes, heart and kidney. Another consequence maybe the stiffening of the atherosclerosis or the arteries, the result of this would be strokes and heart attacks. People with high blood sugar level in their body have been reported to have diabetes. Some of the common symptoms of diabetes are a sudden increase in hunger, dryness of the mouth, vomiting and nausea, pain the belly, frequent sensation of urination, feeling of perpetual weakness, blurred vision, heaviness in breathing and a sudden loss of weight of the body, infections on the skin, infections in the vagina or infections in the urinary tract. Type 1 diabetes is a condition when the pancreas do not produce insulin. It is reported that 10to 15 per cent of all the cases pertaining to diabetes are of Type 1 (Huo et al., 2016). It is als o a common chronic childhood disease among the children. Type 1 diabetes mostly occurs under the age of 30 (Guariguata et al., 2014). People with Type 1 diabetes if they do not get insulin, their body would burn its own fats as an alternative to chemical substances in the blood. Type 1 diabetes is said to have link with the hereditary of the family and hence, it becomes difficult to prevent it. According to an important study conducted by Harding et al. (2014), around 1, 136, 617 Australian citizens who are affected with diabetes and are registered with the National Diabetes Services Scheme between the span of 1997 and 2010 were connected to the death index. The study also demonstrated that the SMR (Standard Mortality Ratio) for males in the year 1997 was 4.20 and in 2010 it is 3.08. In case of females, there is dip from 3.92 SMR to 3.46 SMR (Hendrieckx et al., 2017). This change is being perceived as negligible (Reports, 2018). While this was for Type 1 diabetes, the next set of revelations for Type 2 diabetes, there has been a reduction in Cardio-vascular disease (CVD) from 44.5 to 29. 2 per cent in males. In case of the females, there is a reduction from 45.5 to 31.3 per cent. This study has important implications to examine the mortality pattern in relation to diabetes (Reports, 2018). The burden of the diabetes on global and local level Diabetes is on a rise and it is found that the incidence of diabetes has shot up in middle-income countries. This surge in the rate of diabetes can be attributed to the lack of a proactive approach of the government to promote a culture of healthy lifestyles. The glaring paucity the treatment and prevention of premium quality and cutting-edge healthcare services for people with modest incomes is being touted is another cause for the burgeoning of diabetes in Australia. The public health significance of diabetes in Australia Diabetes as a chronic disease is of immense public significance. It is estimated that if diabetes continue to rise, more than three million people are predicted to be hit by this silent pandemic (Australia, 2014). There is a prognosis that by the year 2025, people above the age of 25 years are set to be hit by diabetes. The prevalence of type 2 disease can be attributed to the proliferation in the ageing population, transformation in the dietary habits, increase in obesity and a predilection towards sedentary lifestyle are being considered as the major reasons for Type 2 diabetes. On the financial front, the economic burden on people with diabetes huge. It is found that the average medical expenditure for diabetic patients are twice as compared to patients who do not suffer from diabetes (Hill, Nielsen Fox, 2013). Individual risk factors for the condition According to Bouillon et al., (2013), being female, increase in age, quitting smoking, low level of physical activity and the non-consumption of vegetables and fruits have been connected with prefailty or frailty with odd ratios that increases by 1 SD. The study proved that the selection of certain risk factors and certain risk scores for diabetes for diabetes are ultimately related to frailty. These risk scores have the possibility of utility for the prediction of frailty in clinical practises. Some of the risk factors associated with diabetes are cardiovascular diseases (CVD). In Australia, diabetes along with chronic kidney disorder and CVD constitutes for about a quarter of diseases for the population in Australia (Reports, 2018). In case of Type 2 diabetes, the cardinal determinants of risk cannot be altered that includes the increase in age, ethnicity, family heredity and genetic make-up. The broad determinants of diabetes A range of complex determinants both social environment and physical environments impinge the health. All these elements are together known as the social determinants of health. Internationally, it has been found that social determinants like education, income, access to nutritional food resources and housing have been identified as key determinants. The pervasion and incidence of Type 2 diabetes have correlation with social and economic status of the individual. For example, people in the lower-income group and with no education are 2 to 4 times more prone to be affected by diabetes in compared to people who are economically privileged (Risk factors to health, 2018). Hence, attention needs to be directed at the social determinants of diabetes as it continues to pose barrier in the amelioration of the health condition of the population. Management of diabetes: Prevention and remedies Insulin is basically a hormone. The function of insulin is to help in the movement of glucose or sugar into the tissues of the body (Holmes-Truscott et al., 2016). It is then in turn is used by the cells as a fuel. The common remedy for Type 1 diabetes is the use of insulin injection or the use of insulin pumps. The first step towards the mitigation of diabetes are the consultation of GPs (General Practitioners). Diabetes needs to be regulated in a collaborative arrangement. This would entail a continuous surveillance of the loss of weight of the patient, level of blood, the average status of health, and there needs to be an approach that thoroughly examines the feet and eyes of the patients (Baxter et al., 2016). In case, complication is observed in a diabetic patient, they should be referred to cardiologists, endocrinologists, obstetricians, nephrologists or ophthalmologists depending on the condition. On a national level, diabetes is addressed through a range of endeavours and policies that is committed towards the management and treatment of patients with diabetes. Australia has also shown dedication in conducting clinical research and funding for the treatment of diabetes. There is the provision of Medicare Benefits Schedule that distributes subsidies for the care of patients and incorporates medicare products for the management and planning of terminal and chronic conditions (World Health Organization, 2016). Patients who are referred by the GPs can also avail the subsidised Medicare health services that are connected to the amelioration of chronic condition, in this regard diabetes. Second, provision is the Pharmaceuticals Benefits Scheme that caters to the medicine for the treatment of diabetes. Another provision is the National Diabetes services Scheme that is supervised by Diabetes Australia in collaboration with the Department of Health. The function of this provision is t o provide subsidized items like needles and syringes, test strips, blood glucose, insulin pump and urine test strips. There are other remarkable investments in diabetes research through the intervention of National Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC) for the research into the plight of diabetes. The aim of this scheme is to work on patient care with different and convoluted disease that also includes diabetes. It has been recognized by NHMRC as a key focus for 2013-2015 Strategic Plan. Another key intervention has emerged from the Australian Institute of Health and Welfare (AIHW) that provides patronage to support surveillance and monitoring of vascular diseases including diabetes and chronic kidney disorder on a national scale. In the 2030 Agenda for sustainable development, member states to proposed for an Agenda of Sustainable Development and Member States embarked upon an ambitious target to minimize NCDs that are responsible for the premature mortality. This also includes diabetes which is responsible for one0third deaths in Australia (World Health Organization, 2015). It was decided that by 2030 there will be the disbursal of universal health coverage and the provision of of the accessibility to affordable indispensable medicines. The WHO Global Report on Diabetes has been devised by WHO as an endeavour to collect data on the incidence, hospitalization and consequences of diabetes in Australia. The report would engage in a understanding the trends in diabetes, high blood glucose (diabetes) that leads to premature mortality. Critical review of the management of diabetes Insulin has been perceived as an important remedy to mitigate diabetes. There is a belief among 51 per cent people that taking recourse to insulin is suggestive of the further exacerbation in their diabetic condition (Holmes?Truscott et al., 2015). There is also a prevalent belief that insulin as a remedy leads to the increase in weight. Consumption of insulin also means to some people that their diabetes has increased (39 per cent of the people are of that view). The Australian Bureau of disease Study (ABDS) 2011 identified four complications as a result of diabetes. Some of these symptoms are diabetic foot ulcer, visual impairment, diabetic neuropathy and amputation of the lower limb. In the year 2011, it was found that about 730, 000Australians have been diagnosed with diabetes. Out of which around 1.7 per cent have faced amputation of the lower limb (Silvestre et al., 2016). It was further found that there have been detrimental effects on health as a result of lower limb amputati on. In 2015, around 28, 775 people started taking recourse to insulin- out of which 63 per cent were suffering from type 2 diabetes, 26 per cent people had gestational diabetes, 9 per cent type 1 diabetes and 2 per cent were suffering from other kinds of diabetes (World Health Organization 2015). In case of the WHO Report, There would also be an effort in examining the role and onus undertaken by the government to mitigate and alleviate the bane of diabetes. Although, the WHO initiative is commendable, however it is important to engage the civil society and people with diabetes as important social actors in the prevention of diabetes. Another key strategy would be to involve the manufacturers of medicine and the producers of food to come up with sustainable and effective strategies that mitigate the rise of diabetes. The Report has also brought out that it is important to address diabetes not just on singular level but through the development of collective consensus. The different stakeholders in the diabetes need to realize their potent role in this regard. The civil society and different health groups need to create persistent pressure on the government for public expenditure on diabetes. The WHO Report should not be limited to a five year analysis. On the contrary, it is p ragmatic to adopt a longitudinal study approach to keep a track on the performance of the multiple stakeholders in relation to diabetes awareness and prevention. Another strategy that needs to be included in the WHO Report on Diabetes is to engage school children to create awareness and explain the plight of diabetes. This will create an early sensitization that would enable them to understand the different preventive measures that propels to diabetes and hence, the glaring rise of diabetes can be brought down. Conclusion Therefore, the above discussions on the impact of diabetes in Australia highlighted the cause of diabetes and the mortality rate and concomitant diseases that have rose due to the prevalence of diabetes. It was found that the Australian government has shown enthusiasm in mitigating the incidence of diabetes, however there is an urgency to collaborate different stakeholders related to diabetes and sustain a culture of awareness and prevention on a long-term basis. References Australia, D. (2014). Diabetes: the silent pandemic and its impact on Australia. 2012. Baxter, M., Hudson, R., Mahon, J., Bartlett, C., Samyshkin, Y., Alexiou, D., Hex, N. (2016). Estimating the impact of better management of glycaemic control in adults with Type 1 and Type 2 diabetes on the number of clinical complications and the associated financial benefit.Diabetic Medicine,33(11), 1575-1581. Bouillon, K., Kivimki, M., Hamer, M., Shipley, M. J., Akbaraly, T. N., Tabak, A., ... Batty, G. D. (2013). Diabetes risk factors, diabetes risk algorithms, and the prediction of future frailty: the Whitehall II prospective cohort study.Journal of the American Medical Directors Association,14(11), 851-e1. Guariguata, L., Whiting, D. R., Hambleton, I., Beagley, J., Linnenkamp, U., Shaw, J. E. (2014). Global estimates of diabetes prevalence for 2013 and projections for 2035.Diabetes research and clinical practice,103(2), 137-149. Harding, J. L., Shaw, J. E., Peeters, A., Guiver, T., Davidson, S., Magliano, D. J. (2015). Mortality Trends Among People With Type 1 and Type 2 Diabetes in Australia: 19972010. Diabetes Care 2014; 37: 25792586.Diabetes care,38(4), 733-734. Haynes, A., Bulsara, M. K., Bower, C., Jones, T. W., Davis, E. A. (2015). Regular peaks and troughs in the Australian incidence of childhood type 1 diabetes mellitus (20002011).Diabetologia,58(11), 2513-2516. Hendrieckx, C., Hagger, V., Jenkins, A., Skinner, T. C., Pouwer, F., Speight, J. (2017). Severe hypoglycemia, impaired awareness of hypoglycemia, and self-monitoring in adults with type 1 diabetes: Results from Diabetes MILESAustralia.Journal of diabetes and its complications,31(3), 577-582. Hill, J., Nielsen, M., Fox, M. H. (2013). Understanding the social factors that contribute to diabetes: a means to informing health care and social policies for the chronically ill.The Permanente Journal,17(2), 67. Holmes-Truscott, E., Pouwer, F., Speight, J. (2014). Further investigation of the psychometric properties of the insulin treatment appraisal scale among insulin-using and non-insulin-using adults with type 2 diabetes: results from diabetes MILESAustralia.Health and quality of life outcomes,12(1), 87. Holmes?Truscott, E., Skinner, T. C., Pouwer, F., Speight, J. (2015). Negative appraisals of insulin therapy are common among adults with Type 2 diabetes using insulin: Results from Diabetes MILESAustralia cross?sectional survey.Diabetic Medicine,32(10), 1297-1303. Holmes-Truscott, E., Skinner, T. C., Pouwer, F., Speight, J. (2016). Explaining psychological insulin resistance in adults with non-insulin-treated type 2 diabetes: The roles of diabetes distress and current medication concerns. Results from Diabetes MILESAustralia.Primary care diabetes,10(1), 75-82. Huo, L., Shaw, J. E., Wong, E., Harding, J. L., Peeters, A., Magliano, D. J. (2016). Burden of diabetes in Australia: life expectancy and disability-free life expectancy in adults with diabetes.Diabetologia,59(7), 1437-1445. McKnight, J. A., Wild, S. H., Lamb, M. J. E., Cooper, M. N., Jones, T. W., Davis, E. A., ... Almdal, T. (2015). Glycaemic control of Type 1 diabetes in clinical practice early in the 21st century: an international comparison.Diabetic Medicine,32(8), 1036-1050. NCD Risk Factor Collaboration. (2016). Worldwide trends in diabetes since 1980: a pooled analysis of 751 population-based studies with 4 4 million participants.The Lancet,387(10027), 1513-1530. Reports. (2018).Australian Institute of Health and Welfare. Retrieved 14 March 2018, from https://www.aihw.gov.au/reports-statistics/health-conditions-disability-deaths/diabetes/reports. Risk factors to health. (2018).Australian Institute of Health and Welfare. Retrieved 15 March 2018, from https://www.aihw.gov.au/reports/biomedical-risk-factors/risk-factors-to-health/contents/high-blood-pressure. Silvestre, M., Poppitt, S. D., Liu, A., Muirhead, R., Fogelholm, M., Larsen, T., ... Brand-Miller, J. (2016). Prevention of diabetes through lifestyle intervention in Europe and the world [PREVIEW]: RCT update for NZ and Australia. InJournal of Nutrition Intermediary Metabolism. World Health Organization. (2016).Global report on diabetes. World Health Organization. WHO (World Health Organization) 2015.WHO global health observatory data repository. Raised blood pressure (SBP 140 OR DBP 90). Date by country. Geneva: World Health Organization. Viewed 4 April 2017. Wen, W., Frampton, R., Wright, K., Fattore, S., Shadbolt, B., Perampalam, S. (2016). A pilot study of factors associated with glycaemic control in adults with Type 1 diabetes mellitus on insulin pump therapy.Diabetic Medicine,33(2), 231-234.

The Battle Of Stalingrad Essay Research Paper free essay sample

The Battle Of Stalingrad Essay, Research Paper The Battle of Stalingrad was a really alone conflict. There were several things that made it such a alone conflict. One of the things was that the conflict was fought in a metropolis. The combat was street by street, block by block, and sometimes even house by house. Another thing that made the conflict unique was how it started. The Nazi forces charged into the metropolis with armored combat vehicles and guns firing wildly and invariably, but when they got into the metropolis they realized that their fire was non being returned. They figured that the metropolis was deserted and they weren # 8217 ; t even traveling to hold to contend. Some took out mouth variety meats and others started to dance about. Then all of the sudden Soviets appeared with guns all over the topographic point and German military personnels began to drop similar flies as they were picked off by snipers. We will write a custom essay sample on The Battle Of Stalingrad Essay Research Paper or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page More and more German soldiers continued to pour into the metropolis and finally the Germans leveled the playing field, but Communist Russia had made its presence felt by the Germans and everyone could state that a rugged conflict lay in front. These chief ground are what made the conflict so alone compared to other conflicts in World War II. The draw at Volgograd was besides of import in many facets. For one thing, it was a turning point in the war on the Eastern forepart between Germa New York and the Soviet Union. It was here that Hitler was defeated by the Soviets and the USSR showed that it was a military power to be reckoned with. The conflict is now thought of as the beginning of the terminal for Hitler and his Third Reich. From this point on, the Germans were continually pushed back due west and out of the Soviet Union. Hitler had been be aftering to divide Communist Russia into two pieces at the metropolis named after the leader of Russia and finally take over, but Stalin was able to halt him. Another thing that made the conflict of import was that there was an oil field near by called he Caucasus that Hitler # 8217 ; s troops were seeking to take control of, this program was besides foiled, and the Germans were forced to retreat. The USSR had signed a non-aggerssion treaty with the Nazis earlier in the war because they weren # 8217 ; T ready, and did non desire to, acquire invloved in the war. Hitler invaded Poland reasonably easy because of this. That event started the War, but Hitler was happy with his district boundaries to the E, at least for a small piece. He finally got greedy once more and decided to make a blitzkrieg to the Soviet Union. It was successful for a piece. Then he got to Stalingrad and everything flipped on him. That was the beginning of one of the most of import conflicts in the history of the universe.

“Divergent” by Veronica Roth Essay Essays

â€Å"Divergent† by Veronica Roth Essay Essays â€Å"Divergent† by Veronica Roth Essay Paper â€Å"Divergent† by Veronica Roth Essay Paper Your determination in life all comes down to you and the way you choose. but merely one pick can transform you. Veronica Roth created a unusual dystopian universe that morally depends on the picks people make in life. because their picks define who they are as people. Her futuristic universe is divided into five cabals that each represents something different ; Abnegation ( the selfless ) . Candor ( the honest ) . Erudite ( the intelligent ) . Amity ( the peaceful ) and Dauntless ( the brave ) . These five cabals were made up to forestall war and convey peace to the universe and when they turn 16 they get the opportunity to take to go forth their household. to reassign into a new cabal or remain with them. but the pick all came down to them. Thesis: In the fresh Divergent Veronica Roth examines how the subject of pick leads to bravery. treachery. and greed. Body Paragraph 1: Topic sentence- First the subject of pick leads to bravery. because of Tris selfish pick to go forth abnegation and travel into dauntless. Point: Tris courage in going a portion of the dauntless is a foil to her ain character. because Tris is a individual of action. who has bravery and is courageous. but Beatrice. is the complete antonym. If Tris neer made the pick to go forth her cabal. she would hold neer learned to be brave adequate to get the better of her frights and bend from the underdog into a hero. Bravery is represented in this book as being selfish and foolish. because the characters of the audacious construct of courage is moving in pathetic life endangering state of affairss to turn out who is most make bolding to take part. However. courage is genuinely presented as Tris goes through induction. Not merely has her pick to reassign into a different cabal show her courage but it besides brought out her interior abnegation and taught her how to be altruistic as good: â€Å"I believe in or dinary Acts of the Apostless of courage. in the bravery that drives one individual to stand up for another. † ( Roth 207 ) Analysis: The significance of this quotation mark is to demo how Tris resembles bravery itself. Tris showed people that courage is non merely about being strong and committing Acts of the Apostless of pitilessness ; it is about standing up for what you believe is right and being the large individual in a state of affairs when no 1 else is. Her pick to be courageous and stand up for other people is what made her the hero in the terminal. Through courage Tris was able to impart other traits in her from other cabals and make a new her. Because of her willingness to be courageous she was able to alter herself and the manner she thought. She was no longer the old Beatrice of abnegation. She turned in to the brave. brave. strong. smart and altruistic Tris of the dauntless. Any obstruction that came in her manner she was able to get the better of it and crush it and because of the 1 pick she made to make up ones mind to be brave. it made all the difference. Point 2: In add-on to the above. Tris is a foil to her ain character because if she had neer joined the dauntless. she would hold neer been able to be on her manner to salvaging the universe: â€Å"I feel like person breathed new air in my lungs. I am non abnegation. I am non audacious. I am Divergent. And I can’t be controlled. ( Roth 442 ) Analysis: The significance of this quotation mark is that it shows how much Tris character changed from when she was in Abnegation to now. Bing a portion of the dauntless gave Tris the strength. the courage. and the finding to acquire out at that place in the thick of it all as the universe is crumpling to stand up for her ain sort. If she neer made the pick to alter cabals. she would hold neer had the opportunity to wholly happen herself and who she genuinely is. do the friends she did. and larn how to confront her frights. Decision: In decision Tris courage and strengthTherefore Victoria Roth shows that through pick leads bravery. because courage isn’t merely something that happens on its ain. It is the pick and the act of courage that merely you can make up ones mind to perpetrate to and play a factor on your life. Body Paragraph: Topic sentence: Second the subject of pick leads to betrayal because ofTris and her brother. Caleb. pick to go forth their household Point:Tris and Caleb’s treachery is an illustration of poignancy. Before Tris and Caleb are chosen to travel up and make up ones mind on whether they will remain with their old cabal or go forth. their parents travel to compliment them: â€Å" My male parent kisses me on the caput and bang Caleb on the shoulder smile. See you shortly. he says. Without a hint of doubt† ( Roth 40-41 ) Analysis: The significance of this quotation mark is that it shows how much injury and treachery they cause their male parent. particularly. at the clip. The one value that is most of import about being a portion of abnegation is non being selfish and to believe about others. In this instance Beatrice and Caleb’s pick to go forth their household behind was non an act of selfishness. because they merely considered themselves and non how their parents would experience. Thinking that his childs would take to come place and remain with him and their female parent. the male parent made a remark about how he would see them shortly before the choosing ceremonial started merely to cognize proceedingss subsequently that neither of his childs is coming home. and one of his childs ( Caleb ) are traveling place with the enemy- the erudite. The one pick they made that they thought would profit them more in life ended up taking to their dishonor and treachery of non merely their household but their e x- cabal. Point 2: Another act of treachery was when one of Tris friends. Al. about killed her out of green-eyed monster. and insecurity. Al was supposed to be person Tris thought she could depend on to maintain her safe. trust. and guarantee her that everything would be â€Å"okay† when the adversary of the narrative and his crew would pick on her ; but in the terminal he betrays her: â€Å"The soap odor is familiar. Lemon grass and sage. The same odor around Al’s bunk. A weight bead in my stomach†¦Ã¢â‚¬  â€Å"I suggest you rely on your transportation friends to protect you from now on. † he says â€Å"I idea I was†¦ I feel Al’s custodies against my oral cavity. and a shortness of breath jars my organic structure forward†¦Ã¢â‚¬  â€Å"He wanted you to be the little quiet miss from Abnegation†¦ He hurt you because your strength made him experience hebdomad. No other reason† ( Roth 278. 295 ) Analysis: The significance of this quotation mark is that it shows you how one minute you can swear person and the following they can easy do the pick to betray and injury you. Veronica Roth creates poignancy for Tris. because Tris knows that she can no longer swear Al once more even though they were such good friends. Al’s one pick non merely ache Tris but it besides ruined their friendly relationship. and this is one of the ways Veronica Roth shows how your one pick can specify who you are as a individual. Tris’ strength and ability was what caused Al to be covetous and in the terminal his jealousy cost him. Decision:Therefore. Veronica Roth created a sense of treachery through the subject of pick. because it is another manner of her demoing how a specific pick can non merely impact you but the other people around you. Body Paragraph 3:Topic Sentence:The subject of pick leads to war as the leader of the Erudite chooses to get down a war over her ain selfish ground. The cabals were divided into five to forestall war and devastation from happening in the universe ; but because the people of abnegation are divergent she chooses to take away many people physical and mental control to get down a war and take them down: The subject of pick leads to greed because those who have power live in fright of fring it.

Deming points Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Deming points - Essay Example Additionally, this physics doctorate holder also devised the phrases of assignable-cause followed by variation in chance-cause (Deming 80). Shewhart is also credited with coming up with the concept of statistical control that is a fundamental technique in designed experiments. Furthermore, he used mathematical statistical theories in order to comprehend data drawn from physical processes instead of producing a normal distribution curve. Therefore, there are several Deming points that assist in the management philosophy. However, in this case it is essential to study one and understand how it brought benefits to one of the group members (Deming 79). Therefore, in this instance, I think the promotion of education has brought numerous benefits especially when compared to the experience at Indiana State University. For example, it has enabled workers in gaining additional skills and expertise of handling matters. These include the arising challenges of modernity in the management world that are controlled by technology. Another importance of promotion of education is the ability to gain in terms of analytical thinking and memory of pertinent issues in the management field. After the interview concerning the 14 points of Deming, the following points were highlighted as the direct benefits in solving situations (Deming 81). For example, the use of purpose to guide most objectives has been beneficial in terms ensuring the objectives of management are met. Similarly, the constant review of processes helps in the improvement of different areas of management. This is in terms of understanding of employees and motivating them to perform in their respective duties. Alternatively, the working of various departments as a team helps in the completion of tasks in good time. On the other hand, politicians are conducting promotions on the basis of merit which

Human Resources Managment Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Human Resources Managment - Assignment Example It can be noted in this case that the employer discriminated Michael Roberts on the basis of race by virtue of being an African American since other white guys with less experience were hired for the same job. The McDonnell-Douglas test is applicable to this particular case, according to the US Legal (2013), â€Å"Mcdonnell Douglas test refers to a legal principle requiring a plaintiff (employee) to prove with evidence of employment- discrimination. The test also requires a defendant (employer) to prove with evidence showing that the employment action complained was taken for non discriminatory reasons.† Being the judge in the above mentioned case, I will rule in favour of the plaintiff given that a case of racial discrimination against Michael Roberts exists since he did not get the job as a result of being an African American while other whites with less experience were hired for the same position. 2. The African Americans in this case can sue for disparate impact under Titl e vii of the Civil Rights Act of 1964. According to the Freedictionary (2013), disparate impact is a theory that prohibits the employer from using facially neutral employment practices that have an unjustified effect on protected classes. As aptly shown in the case study, African Americans were unfavourably treated when it comes to securing technical employment. Only 60 % of those who wrote the test were selected while 80 percent of the whites who wrote the same test were selected. However, the employer can use â€Å"business necessity† clause to refute the allegations levelled against him. If this practice is really necessary to the operations of the organization, then the employer would not have any case to answer. It is also important for the plaintiffs to prove that they are a protected class under this legal provision. Failure to do so may render their case invalid. 1. Sue Pappas applied for a position of an attendant for a psychiatric institution. However, she does not succeed in getting the job as a result of her obesity. Before she sues under Title I of the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA), she has to prove that she has a disability. â€Å"The ADA defines disabil ­ity as a physical or mental impairment that substantially limits a major life activ ­ity; a record of such an impairment; or being regarded as having such an impair ­ment,† (Reiter, 1). Under ADA, obesity is excluded hence Sue cannot win this particular case. However, ADA Amendments Act of 2008 (ADAAA) has broadened the definition of disability to encompass a lot of other biological functions of the body. Since she cannot perform all of the major life activities because of her obesity, she can sue the employer under the ADAA since it can be seen that she has been unfairly discriminated. Her past experience shows that she can perform this job well so there is no reason for this employer to deny her the opportunity to get this job. Assignment 2 Job Title: Marketing comm unications officer Position Purpose: The purpose of this position is to maintain a clear communication strategy for the marketing department as well as the organization as a whole. The candidate will communicate vital information to

Compare a shared theme between book Don Quioxote by Miguel Cervantes Essay

Compare a shared theme between book Don Quioxote by Miguel Cervantes and movie Toy Story - Essay Example However, the story being told hasn’t changed all that much. For example, Disney Pixar’s film Toy Story documents the struggles of a pair of toys trying to reunite themselves with their boy, Andy. The separation occurs because of the unwillingness of the current favorite, Buzz, to acknowledge his class distinction as a toy and the efforts of the previous favorite, Woody, to convince him of his proper place. Although there are some significant differences, many similarities can be found between the characters of Cervantes’ novel Don Quixote and Disney Pixar’s animated film Toy Story, including the theme of a search for identity. A direct parallel can be drawn between Cervantes’ character Don Quixote and the astronaut toy character Buzz Lightyear in the Disney film. Neither character has any sense of their past forcing each to base their identity upon written texts they associate with. For Buzz, this is the advertising copy printed upon the side of his box while Don Quixote’s â€Å"fancy grew full of what he used to read about in his books, enchantments, quarrels, battles, challenges, wounds, wooings, loves, agonies, and all sorts of impossible nonsense, and it so possessed his mind that the whole fabric of invention and fancy he read of was true, that to him no history in the world had more reality in it† (Ch. 1), allowing him to truly believe he was a great knight. Neither character can accept their proper place in society. Quixote is a relatively poor country gentleman, â€Å"An olla of rather more beef than mutton, a salad on most nights, scraps on Saturdays, lentils on Fridays, and a pigeon or so extra on Sundays, made away with three-quarters of his income. The rest of it went in a doublet of fine cloth and velvet breeches and shoes to match for holidays, while on week-days he made a brave figure in his best homespun† (Ch. 1) and Buzz Lightyear is nothing more than a child’s plaything, so they invent realities that provide

Chapter two homework

Chapter two homework Chapter Two Homework 1. What are some typical technical goals for organizations today? Scalability, availability, Performance, Security, Usability, manageability, adaptability, affordability. 2. What does availability mean? Its can be expressed as a percent uptime per year, month, week, day, or hour compared to the total time in that period. It does also be expressed as a mean time between failure (MTBF) and mean time to repair (MTTR). 3. If a network is up for 835 hours in five weeks, what is the availability? In the week = 24 x 7 = 168 hour in one week So, 168 x 5 = 840 hour So the availability is 835 / 840 = 0.994 x 100 = 99.4 % 4. Using the five nines availability, what is the down time in second per four weeks? One weeks in second = 60 x 60 x 24 x 7 = 604800 second 4 Weeks = 604800 x 4 = 2419200 second Availability = 1 0.99999 = 0.000001 second So the downtime is 0.000001 * 2419200 = 24.192 second. 5. What does the term hot-swapping means, and what the reasons for using it? 6. A customer requires 99.999% availability, how would you carry out maintenance for such a network? Assume that hot-swapping is not possible 7. What are the typical bit error rate BER of a fiber link copper link? 8. If a load is 115kbps where a packet switch needs to transmit it over an ISDN circuit (128kbps), what is the utilization? How many packets in the queue? Utilization = 115/128 = 0.898% Average number of packets in queue = (0.898) / 1-0.898) = 8,804 Packets 9. How do bandwidth and throughput differ? Bandwidth: is a data carrying capacity of a circuit, usually specified in bits per second Throughput is the quantity of error free data transmitted per unit of time, usually specified in packets per second 10. How can one improve network efficiency? More the packet is larger more the efficiency of the network will be. 11. What are the security threats if a network device is compromised? Data flowing through the network can be intercepted, analyzed, altered, or deleted, compromising integrity and confidentiality. Additional, related network services, which rely on trust among network devices, can be compromised. For example, bad routing data or incorrect authentication information could be injected into the network. User passwords can be compromised and used for further intrusions and perhaps to reach out and attack other networks. The configuration of the device can be altered to allow connections that shouldnt be allowed or to disallow connections that should be allowed. 12. What tradeoffs may be necessary in order to improve network efficiency? Implementing good throughput for one application might cause delay problems for another application. The cause of the efficiency of the (network) throughput is the packet size, so if one application have large packet size to make it efficiency the other packet for another application may dont have capacity on the network. 13. Redundancy is not one of the network goals, what is meant by redundancy? Explain to what network goal is related and why? Redundancy means adding duplicate links or devices to a network to avoid downtime. Redundancy is linked to Availability, but redundancy is not a network goal, but redundant network topologies are becoming more and more significant for many networks design client who want to make certain business continuity after a major fault or disaster.

Croce :: Design and Technology

Croce Intuition, Expression and Communication BA 3D Design. Benedetto Croce (1866-1952) perhaps the most important philosopher of the twentieth century lived most of his life in Naples born in the Abruzzi hills a elder son of an ancient and wealthy Neapolitan family was for decades Italy’s exemplar of the indispensable link between intellect and conscience, a philosopher, historian, and critic his approach is one usually termed neo-idealist his aesthetic derives principally from earlier idealist G.W.F. Hegel (1770-1831) and Giambatista Vico (1668-1774). Croce’s possibly best-known work was published in 1902 Philosophy of the spirit which was divided into four parts â€Å"Aesthetic as the Science of Expression and general Linguistics, Logic as the Science of Pure Concept, Philosophy of the Practical, and History: Its Theory and Practice† But my main concern is with Estetica come scienza dell’ espressione e linguistica generale or â€Å"Aesthetic as the Science of Expression and General Linguistics† within his analysis he states that â€Å"â€Å"intuition† is only intuition in as far as it is, in that very act, expression†. In other words he argues that intuition is one and the same as expression what he means by this is all genuine examples of intuition are in fact examples of expression, and all genuine examples of expression are examples of intuition one is a complex of feeling and thought, while the other is the image that derives from it but for Croce they are the interior and exterior views of the same thing. Plausibly, we cannot have an intuition without an equivalent expression; in other terms that is like talking about a piece of art work or sculpture inside us that we are incapable of expressing in form. Although people do talk that way from time to time, of course, but others are entitled to doubt whether the art piece is really there inside the person or not. The reason we may think we have intuitions that we cannot express is that most of our intuitions like our memories are cloudy and vague, when we come to actualize them; we realize this and put the fault down to poor technique or skill. What distinguishes artists from the inartistic and the rest of us that artists’ intuitions have become much clearer than ours and have also become much clearer still in the process of expression within their art work itself. But he does make a distinction between expression and communication the third factor in the artistic process which in itself is quite unimportant. Croce argues that expression does not basically involve communication. A person can have an intuition in their head and it will count as a genuine expression even if they never try to